THREE NEW CAVE-DWELLING TRECHINE GROUND BEETLES FROM EASTERN AND SOUTHEASTERN SERBIA (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE: TRECHINAE)

Three new troglobitic trechine ground beetle species are described from three caves in eastern and southeastern Serbia: Duvalius (Paraduvalius) bogovinae sp. n., from the Bogovinska Pećina Cave, village of Bogovina, Kučajske Planine Mts., near Boljevac, eastern Serbia; D. (P.) milutini sp. n., from the Samar cave system, village of Kopajkošara, Mt. Kalafat, near Svrljig, southeastern Serbia, and D. (P.) beljanicae sp. n., from the Velika Atula Cave, village of Strmosten, Mt. Beljanica, near Despotovac, eastern Serbia. The new species are easily distinguished from relatives. All important morphological features, along with the diagnoses and illustrations of the new taxa are presented. The new species are relicts and endemics of eastern and southeastern Serbia. They probably belong to old phyletic lineages of Tertiary or even pre-Tertiary origin.

Field trips to eastern and southeastern Serbia in 2012 and 2013, organized by the Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade -Faculty of Biology, resulted in the discovery of three new trechine ground beetle species.Descriptions and diagnoses of the new trechine taxa are presented in this study.The diagnosis of Duvalius (Paraduvalius) bogovinae sp.n. is based on a thorough analysis of the type series of two males and one female collected in the Bogovinska Pećina Cave, village of Bogovina, Kučajske Planine Mts., near Boljevac; the diagnosis of D. (P.) milutini sp.n. is based on a thorough analysis of the type series of two males and seven females collected in the Samar cave system, village of Kopajkošara, Mt.Kalafat, near Svrljig, and the diagnosis of D. (P.) beljanicae sp.n. is based on a thorough analysis of the type series of three males and seven females collected in the Velika Atula Cave, village of Strmosten, Mt.Beljanica, near Despotovac.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The ground beetle specimens were analyzed in the laboratories of the Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade -Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia.The male and female genitalia were removed from the bodies and fixed on microscope slides in a medium   (P.) stankovitchi by its smaller size (4.43-4.59mm vs. 5.00-6.20 mm), length/width ratio of the head (wider than longer vs. as long as wide), length of the antennae (reaching around the mid-elytra level vs. almost reaching the mid-elytra level), length/width ratio of the pronotum (wider than long vs. longer than wide), shape of the pronotum (widest around the anterior fourth vs. widest around the anterior third), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (somewhat acuteangled vs. almost right-angled), position of the first pair of pronotal setae (between the anterior fourth and third of the pronotum vs. at the anterior third of the pronotum), length/width ratio of the elytra (1.86 times as long as wide vs. 2.00 times as long as wide), shape of the elytra (sub-parallel, widest slightly above the mid level vs. not sub-parallel, widest somewhat below the mid level), position of the first pair of elytral discal setae (on third elytral striae, between the anterior fifth and fourth of elytral length, at the level between the third and fourth humeral setae vs. on fourth elytral interstriae, around the anterior fourth of elytral length, at the level of the fourth humeral setae), shape of the aedeagus (somewhat curved, median lobe slightly curved in the basal half, then almost straight, gradually narrowing towards the apex, basal bulb massive, rounded vs. abruptly bent around the basal third, convex dorsally in that part, then straight, median lobe of a constant width towards the apex, abruptly narrowing apically, basal bulb with a basal narrowing), and size and shape of the copulatory piece (almost as long as three-fifths of aedeagus length, apically pointed vs. as long as three-fourths of aedeagus length, apically narrowing, apex obtuse) (Jeannel, 1923(Jeannel, , 1928;;present study).Duvalius (Paraduvalius) bogovinae sp.n. is easily distinguished from D. (P.) trifunovici by its smaller size (4.51 mm vs. 4.71 mm), depth of the frontal furrows (slightly deeper in the first third vs. of the same depth along its length), presence/absence of hairs on the head (with tiny, rare hairs vs. absence of hairs, except for cheeks), presence/absence, form and size of the eyes (atrophied, in rare cases visible, lenticular, 0.08 mm long and 0.03 mm wide vs. reduced, small, ellipsoid, 0.12 mm long and 0.06 mm wide), number of the ommatidia (2-9 vs. 15-20), length of the antennae (reaching around the middle of the elytra vs. exceeding slightly over the middle of the elytra), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (somewhat acute-angled vs. somewhat obtuse-angled), shape of the posterior pronotal margin (very slightly concave vs. mostly straight), shape of the lateral pronotal margins (less concave posteriorly vs. more concave posteriorly), position of the first pair of pronotal setae (between the anterior fourth and third of the pronotum vs. at the anterior third of the pronotum), shape of the elytra (sub-parallel, widest slightly above the mid level vs. not sub-parallel, widest slightly below the mid level), length/width ratio of the elytra (1.86 times as long as wide vs. 1.69 times as long as wide), shape of the shoulders (more elevated vs. less elevated), number of well-depressed elytral striae (four inner ones vs. three inner ones), position of the first (between the anterior fifth and fourth of elytral length, at the level between the third and fourth humeral setae vs. around the anterior fourth of elytral length, at the level of the fourth humeral setae) and second pairs of elytral discal setae (around threefifths of elytral length vs. somewhat below the midelytra level), size and shape of the aedeagus (massive, somewhat curved, median lobe slightly curved in the basal half, then almost straight, gradually narrowing towards the apex, apex more curved downwards in lateral view and more rounded in dorsal view vs. medium-sized, almost forming a right angle somewhat after the basal third, then almost straight, median lobe basally slightly curved, then straight, at first gradually narrowing towards the apex, then abruptly narrowing apically, apex less curved downwards in lateral view and less rounded in dorsal view), and size of the copulatory piece (about as long as three-fifths of aedeagus length vs. about as long as two-thirds of aedeagus length) and urite (about the same size as aedeagus vs. slightly longer than aedeagus) (Vrbica et al., 2013;present study).
Duvalius (Paraduvalius) bogovinae sp.n. is easily distinguished from D. (P.) beljanicae sp.n. by its bigger size (4.51 mm vs. 4.32 mm), depth of the frontal furrows (slightly deeper in the first third vs. slightly deeper in the first two fifths), presence/absence of hairs on the head (with tiny, rare hairs vs. absence of hairs, except for cheeks), presence/absence, form and size of the eyes (atrophied, in rare cases visible, lenticular, 0.08 mm long and 0.03 mm wide vs. reduced to a different degree, from lenticular, small, with a darkened border, 0.07 mm long and 0.01 mm wide to almost atrophied, in the form of a line or completely absent), length of the antennae (reaching around the middle of the elytra vs. exceeding somewhat over the middle of the elytra), shape of the pronotum (widest around the anterior fourth vs. widest slightly above the anterior fourth), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (somewhat acute-angled vs. scarcely obtuse-angled), shape of the anterior pronotal margin (slightly concave vs. mostly straight), shape of the posterior pronotal margin (very slightly concave vs. mostly straight), shape of the lateral pronotal margins (rounded anteriorly and slightly concave posteriorly vs. rounded anteriorly, then almost straight, slightly concave right above the hind pronotal angles), shape of the marginal pronotal furrows (narrow and shallow vs. wide and deep at the level of anterior pronotal angles, then narrow and shallow), position of the first pair of pronotal setae (between the anterior fourth and third of the pronotum vs. around the anterior fourth of the pronotum), shape of the elytra (sub-parallel, widest slightly above the mid level vs. not subparallel, widest slightly below the mid level), length/ width ratio of the elytra (1.86 times as long as wide vs. 1.71 times as long as wide), shape of the shoulders (more elevated vs. less elevated), distance between the humeral setae (the shortest distance is between the third and fourth setae vs. the shortest distance is between the first and second setae), number of welldepressed elytral striae (four inner ones vs. two inner ones), position of the first (between the anterior fifth and fourth of elytral length, at the level between the third and fourth humeral setae vs. somewhat above the anterior third of elytral length, somewhat below the level of the fourth humeral setae) and second pairs of elytral discal setae (about three-fifths of elytral length vs. about two-thirds of elytral length), shape of the aedeagus (somewhat curved, median lobe slightly curved in the basal half, then almost straight, gradually narrowing towards the apex, apex shorter, more curved downwards in lateral view and rounded in dorsal view, basal bulb massive vs. bent around the basal third, median lobe slightly curved, at first gradually narrowing towards the apex, then abruptly narrowing apically, sub-apically with a small dorsal sloping, apex longer, less curved downwards in lateral view and dragged in dorsal view, basal bulb medium-sized), and size of the urite (about the same size as aedeagus vs. somewhat longer than aedeagus) (present study).
Head stout, rounded, slightly wider than long.Frontal furrows complete, arcuate and deep, slightly deeper in the first third.Head covered with tiny rare hairs.Cheeks convex.Eyes atrophied, with two or three depigmented ommatidia, in rare cases eyes visible, lenticular, with up to nine depigmented ommatidia 0.08 mm long and 0.03 mm wide, with a darkened border.An arcuated preocular furrow present.Mentum tooth bifid.Antennae of moderate length, differing between males and females; in males, these exceed slightly over the middle of the elytra, while in females almost reaching the middle of the elytra.Antennomere II shorter than antennomere IV.Antennal article XI about three times as long as wide (Fig. 1).
Pronotum small, wider than longer, sub-cordate, widest around the anterior fourth, slightly wider than head, narrowing towards the base.Anterior pronotal margin slightly concave.Anterior pronotal angles prominent and rounded.Lateral pronotal margins rounded anteriorly and slightly concave posteriorly.Posterior pronotal angles prominent, somewhat acute-angled, sharp.Posterior pronotal margin very slightly concave.Pronotal disc convex, with a median furrow.Marginal furrows narrow and shallow.Basal foveae wide, deep, and slightly punctate (Fig. 1).
Elytra elongated, ovoid, sub-parallel, 1.86 times as long as wide, widest slightly above the mid level.Shoulders rounded, somewhat elevated.Elytral apex rounded.Marginal furrows narrow and deep.Elytral disc slightly convex.The first four inner striae developed, well-depressed.Outer striae present in a form of more or less pronounced rows of points.Inner interstrial spaces convex (Fig. 1).
Legs long and thin.Fore tibias with a longitudinal fissure each.Male protarsomeres I and II dilated (Fig. 1).
Chaetotaxy: Head with two pairs of supraorbital setae.Pronotum with two pairs of pronotal setae.The first pair located between the anterior fourth and third of the pronotum, while the second pair situated in posterior pronotal angles.Each humerus with four setae.The longest distance is between the second and third setae, while the shortest distance is between the third and fourth setae.The second seta right next to the marginal furrow.First, third and fourth setae away from the furrow, with the first being closest to it, and the fourth farthest.Two discal setae on each elytron.The first pair of elytral discal setae situated on third striae, between the anterior fifth and fourth of elytral length, at the level between the third and fourth humeral setae.The second pair of elytral discal setae situated on third striae, about three-fifths of elytral length (Fig. 1).
Bionomy and distribution -The new species was found on the floor, under rocks, and in pitfall traps baited with rotten meat in the posterior part of the Bogovinska Pećina Cave, village of Bogovina, near Boljevac, Kučajske Planine Mts., eastern Serbia.For the time being, the species is known only from the type locality.
Remarks -The new species belongs to the "stankovitchi" group of species based on the shape of the elytra, presence of unpronounced shoulders (rounded, not angled), absence of laid hairs on the vertex, and presence of a longitudinal fissure on the fore tibias and the first elytral discal setae located below the level of the third humeral setae (Guéorguiev, 1971).antennae (reaching around the anterior third of the elytra vs. almost reaching the mid-elytra level), length/width ratio of the pronotum (wider than long vs. longer than wide), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (scarcely acute-angled vs. somewhat more expressed acute-angled), presence of hairs on the pronotum (present vs. absent), position of the first pair of pronotal setae (between the anterior fourth and third of the pronotum vs. slightly below the anterior fourth of the pronotum), form of the elytra (elongated, almost sub-parallel vs. shorter, oval), shape of the shoulders (slightly elevated vs. fairly prominent), position of the first (between the anterior sixth and fifth of elytral length vs. around the anterior fifth of elytral length) and second pairs of elytral discal setae (slightly above the mid-elytra level vs. somewhat below the mid-elytra level), size of the legs as compared to the body (long vs. short), size and shape of the aedeagus (small, almost forming a right angle somewhat after the basal third, then almost straight, with a dorsal widening starting before the middle and ending in the sub-apical part, apex rounded, basal bulb massive, more elongated vs. massive, elongated, curved along the whole its length, with a sub-apical widening, apex obtuse, basal bulb medium-sized, rounded), and shape of the copulatory piece (less widened, elongated, without spines, abruptly narrowing apically, deeper incised proximally vs. wide, less elongated, with a large number of fine spines apically, gradually narrowing apically, less incised proximally) (Jeannel, 1923(Jeannel, , 1928; present study).

DUVALIUS (PARADUVALIUS
Duvalius (Paraduvalius) milutini sp.n. is easily distinguished from D. (P.) rtanjensis by its smaller size (3.95 mm vs. 4.35 mm), body color (reddishbrown vs. light brown), length of the antennae (reaching around a third of the elytral length vs. almost reaching the middle of the elytra), shape of the pronotum (widest between the anterior fourth and third vs. widest at the anterior third), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (scarcely acute-angled vs. almost right-angled), position of the first pair of pro-Figs.7-10.Duvalius (Paraduvalius) milutini sp.n. from the Samar cave system, village of Kopajkošara, near Svrljig, Mt.Kalafat, southeastern Serbia.7 -holotype male, aedeagus (lateral view); 8 -holotype male, aedeagus (dorsal view); 9 -holotype male, abdominal sternite IX (urite); 10 -paratype female, genitalia.Scales = 0.20 mm.notal setae (between the anterior fourth and third of the pronotum vs. around the anterior fourth of the pronotum), shape of the elytra (widest around the mid level vs. widest slightly below the mid level), shape of the shoulders (somewhat elevated, rounded vs. lowered, obtuse-angled), distance between the humeral setae and the position (the longest distance being between the third and fourth setae, while the distance between the first and second setae, and the second and third setae is about the same; the second seta right next to the marginal furrow; the first seta slightly away from the furrow vs. humeral setae equidistant; the first and second setae located at the edge of the marginal furrow), position of the first (between the anterior sixth and fifth of elytral length, at the level between the second and third humeral setae vs. around the anterior fifth of elytral length, at the level of the second humeral setae) and second pairs of the elytral discal setae (slightly above the midelytra level vs. somewhat below the mid-elytra level), and size and shape of the aedeagus (small, almost forming a right angle somewhat after the basal third, then almost straight, with a dorsal widening starting before the middle and ending in the sub-apical part, apex rounded, basal bulb massive, more elongated vs. medium-sized, regularly curved, slightly convex dorsally somewhat before the middle portion, in the sub-apical part suddenly narrowing towards the apex, apex acute, basal bulb rounded), copulatory piece (about as long as one-third of aedeagus length, unifid, apically pointed, deeply incised proximally vs. slightly shorter than half of aedeagus length, bifid, the apex in the form of two lobes, not incised proximally) and urite (less elongated, slightly longer than aedeagus vs. somewhat more elongated, nearly the same size as aedeagus) (Vrbica et al., 2013;present study).
Head stout, rounded, slightly wider than long.Frontal furrows complete, arcuate and deep, slightly deeper in the first half.Cheeks convex, covered with dense hairs.The rest of the head covered with tiny rare hairs.Eyes reduced, small, 0.09 mm long and 0.03 mm wide, lenticular, with a darkened border, the anterior margin convex, the posterior one scarcely convex, almost flattened, composed of 3-21 depigmented ommatidia.An arcuated preocular furrow present.Mentum tooth bifid.Antennae of moderate length, reaching about the anterior third of elytral length.Antennomere II slightly shorter than antennomere IV.Antennal article XI slightly more than twice as long as wide (Fig. 6).
Pronotum small, wider than long, sub-cordate, widest at the level between the anterior fourth and third, slightly wider than head, narrowing towards the base.Anterior pronotal margin mostly straight.Anterior pronotal angles slightly prominent and rounded.Lateral pronotal margins rounded anteriorly and somewhat concave posteriorly.Posterior pronotal angles prominent, scarcely acute-angled, sharp.Posterior pronotal margin slightly concave medially.Pronotal disc convex, with a median furrow.Marginal furrows narrow and shallow.Basal foveae wide, deep, and slightly punctate (Fig. 6).
Elytra elongated, ovoid, 1.73 times as long as wide, widest around the mid level.Shoulders rounded, somewhat elevated.Elytral apex rounded.Marginal furrows narrow and deep.Elytral disc slightly convex.The first three inner striae developed, welldepressed.Outer striae present in a form of more or less pronounced rows of points.Inner interstrial spaces convex (Fig. 6).
Legs long and thin.Fore tibias with a longitudinal fissure each.Male protarsomeres I and II dilated (Fig. 6).
Chaetotaxy: Head with two pairs of supraorbital setae.Pronotum with two pairs of pronotal setae.The first pair located between the anterior fourth and third, while the second pair situated in posterior pronotal angles.Each humerus with four setae.The longest distance is between the third and fourth setae, while the distance between the first and sec-ond setae, and the second and third setae is about the same.The second seta right next to the marginal furrow.First, third and fourth setae away from the furrow, with the first being closest to it, and the fourth being farthest from it.With two discal setae on each elytron.The first pair of elytral discal setae situated on third striae, between the anterior sixth and fifth of elytral length, at the level between the second and third humeral setae.The second pair of elytral discal setae situated on third striae, slightly above the midelytra level (Fig. 6).
Bionomy and distribution -The new species was found on the floor, under rocks and pieces of rotten wood, and in pitfall traps baited with rotten meat in the posterior part of the Samar cave system, village of Kopajkošara, near Svrljig, Mt.Kalafat, southeastern Serbia.For the time being, the species is known only from the type locality.
Remarks -The new species belongs to the "winkleri" group of species based on the shape of the elytra, presence of unpronounced shoulders (rounded, not angled), absence of laid hairs on the vertex, presence of a longitudinal fissure on the fore tibias and the first elytral discal setae located above the level of the third humeral setae (Guéorguiev, 1971).(P.) stankovitchi by its smaller size (4.05-4.59mm vs. 5.00-6.20 mm), length/width ratio of the head (wider than long vs. as long as wide), length of the antennae (more exceeding over the mid-elytra level vs. less exceeding over the mid-elytra level), length/ width ratio of the pronotum (wider than long vs. longer than wide), shape of the pronotum (lateral pronotal margins rounded anteriorly, then almost straight, slightly concave right above the hind pronotal angles vs. lateral pronotal margins rounded anteriorly and somewhat concave posteriorly), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (scarcely obtuseangled vs. almost right-angled), position of the first pair of pronotal setae (around the anterior fourth of the pronotum vs. at the anterior third of the pronotum), length/width ratio of the elytra (1.71 times as long as wide vs. 2.00 times as long as wide), shape of the elytra (widest slightly below the mid level vs. widest more below the mid level), shape of the shoulders (less elevated vs. more elevated), number of well-depressed elytral striae (two inner ones vs. four inner ones), position of the first (on third elytral striae, somewhat above the anterior third of elytral length, somewhat below the level of the fourth humeral setae vs. on fourth elytral interstriae, around the anterior fourth of elytral length, at the level of the fourth humeral setae) and second pairs of elytral discal setae (around two-thirds of elytral length vs. somewhat below the mid-elytra level), shape of the aedeagus (strongly bent around the basal third, median lobe slightly curved, at first gradually narrowing towards the apex, then abruptly narrowing apically, sub-apically with a small dorsal sloping, basal bulb medium-sized, rounded vs. abruptly bent around the basal third, convex dorsally in that part, then straight, median lobe of a constant width towards the apex, abruptly narrowing apically, without the Figs.12-15.Duvalius (Paraduvalius) beljanicae sp.n. from the Velika Atula Cave, village of Strmosten, near Despotovac, Mt.Beljanica, eastern Serbia.12 -paratype male, aedeagus (lateral view); 13 -paratype male, aedeagus (dorsal view); 14 -paratype male, abdominal sternite IX (urite); 15 -holotype female, genitalia.Scales = 0.20 mm.
sub-apical dorsal sloping, basal bulb massive, with a basal narrowing), and size and shape of the copulatory piece (about as long as two-thirds of aedeagus length, apically pointed vs. as long as three-fourths of aedeagus length, with a rounded apex) (Jeannel, 1923(Jeannel, , 1928;;present study).
Duvalius (Paraduvalius) beljanicae sp.n. is easily distinguished from D. (P.) trifunovici by its smaller size (4.32 mm vs. 4.71 mm), depth of the frontal furrows (slightly deeper in the first two-fifths vs. of the same depth along its length), form and size of the eyes (from lenticular, 0.07 mm long and 0.01 mm wide, to almost atrophied, in the form of a line, or completely absent vs. ellipsoid, 0.12 mm long and 0.06 mm wide), number of the ommatidia (without or 2-12 vs. 15-20), length of the antennae (more exceeding over the middle of the elytra vs. slightly exceeding over the middle of the elytra), shape of the pronotum (widest slightly above the anterior fourth vs. widest around the anterior fourth), shape of the anterior pronotal margin (mostly straight vs. slightly concave), shape of the posterior pronotal angles (scarcely obtuse-angled vs. somewhat more expressed obtuse-angled), shape of the lateral pronotal margins (rounded anteriorly, then almost straight, slightly concave right above the hind pronotal angles vs. rounded anteriorly, somewhat concave posteriorly), shape of the marginal pronotal furrows (wide and deep at the level of anterior pronotal angles, then narrow and shallow vs. narrow and shallow), position of the first pair of pronotal setae (around the anterior fourth of the pronotum vs. at the anterior third of the pronotum), number of well-depressed elytral striae (two inner ones vs. three inner ones), distance between the humeral setae (the shortest distance is between the first and second setae vs. the shortest distance is between the third and fourth setae), position of the first (somewhat above the anterior third of elytral length, somewhat below the level of the fourth humeral setae vs. around the anterior fourth of elytral length, at the level of the fourth humeral setae) and second pairs of elytral discal setae (around twothirds of elytral length vs. somewhat below the midelytra level), size and shape of the aedeagus (massive, bent around the basal third, median lobe slightly curved, at first gradually narrowing towards the apex, then abruptly narrowing apically, sub-apically with a small dorsal sloping, apex more acute, basal bulb medium-sized vs. medium-sized, almost forming a right angle somewhat after the basal third, then almost straight, median lobe slightly curved basally, then straight, at first gradually narrowing towards the apex, then abruptly narrowing apically, without the sub-apical dorsal sloping, apex less acute, basal bulb massive) and size of the urite (more longer than aedeagus vs. less longer than aedeagus) (Vrbica et al., 2013;present study).
Head stout, rounded, slightly wider than long.Frontal furrows complete, arcuate and deep, slightly deeper in the first two-fifths.Hairs lacking, except for cheeks.Cheeks convex.Eyes reduced to a different degree, from lenticular, small, with a darkened border, 0.07 mm long and 0.01 mm wide to almost atrophied, in the form of a line, or completely absent.Without ommatidia or with 2-12 depigmented ommatidia.An arcuated preocular furrow present.Mentum tooth bifid.Antennae of moderate length, exceeding somewhat over the middle of the elytra.Antennomere II shorter than antennomere IV.Antennal article XI about three times as long as wide (Fig. 11).
Pronotum small, wider than long, sub-cordate, widest slightly above the anterior fourth, slightly wider than head, narrowing towards the base.Anterior pronotal margin mostly straight.Anterior pronotal angles prominent and rounded.Lateral pronotal margins rounded anteriorly, then almost straight, slightly concave right above the hind pronotal an-gles.Posterior pronotal angles prominent, scarcely obtuse-angled, sharp.Posterior pronotal margin mostly straight.Pronotal disc convex, with a median furrow.Marginal furrows wide and deep at the level of anterior pronotal angles, then narrow and shallow.Basal foveae wide, deep, and slightly punctate (Fig. 11).
Elytra elongated, ovoid, 1.71 times as long as wide, widest slightly below the mid level.Shoulders rounded, slightly elevated.Elytral apex rounded.Marginal furrows narrow and deep.Elytral disc slightly convex.The first two inner striae developed, well-depressed.Outer striae present in a form of more or less pronounced rows of points.Inner interstrial spaces convex (Fig. 11).
Legs long and thin (Fig. 11).Fore tibias with a longitudinal fissure each.Male protarsomeres I and II dilated.
Chaetotaxy: Head with two pairs of supraorbital setae.Pronotum with two pairs of pronotal setae.The first pair located around the anterior fourth, while the second pair situated in posterior pronotal angles.Each humerus with four setae.The longest distance is between the second and third setae, while the shortest distance is between the first and second setae.The second seta right next to the marginal furrow.First, third and fourth setae away from the furrow, with the first being closest to it, and the fourth farthest from it.With two discal setae on each elytron.The first pair of elytral discal setae situated on third striae, somewhat above the anterior third of elytral length, somewhat below the level of the fourth humeral setae.The second pair of elytral discal setae situated on third striae, around two-thirds of elytral length (Fig. 11).
Bionomy and distribution -The new species was found in pitfall traps baited with rotten meat in the posterior part of the Velika Atula Cave, village of Strmosten, near Despotovac, Mt.Beljanica, eastern Serbia.For the time being, the species is known only from the type locality.
Remarks -The new species belongs to the "stankovitchi" group of species based on the shape of the elytra, presence of unpronounced shoulders (rounded, not angled), absence of laid hairs on the vertex, presence of a longitudinal fissure on the fore tibias and the first elytral discal setae located below the level of the third humeral setae (Guéorguiev, 1971).

CONCLUSIONS
The new troglobitic trechine ground beetle species probably belong to old phyletic lineages of Tertiary or even pre-Tertiary origin (Guéorguiev, 1977).They are both relicts and endemics of the Carpatho-Balkan mountain system in eastern and southeastern Serbia.The endemic differentiation of the new species and relatives on the Balkan Peninsula was facilitated by the great Alpine Orogeny, paleoclimatic events, and subsequent evolution of the underground karstic relief, which yielded numerous new epigean and hypogean niches suitable for the preservation of the old and autochthonous fauna.
composed of Canada balsam and xylol.The beetle individuals were then glued onto paper and analyzed as dry specimens.All taxonomically important morphological characters were studied for comparison.A Carl Zeiss -Stemi 2000 binocular stereomicroscope and Carl Zeiss -Axioskop 40 microscope with a Canon PowerShot A80 digital camera attached were used in this study.A Canon PowerShot SX 130 IS 7 digital camera was used for photographing whole specimens.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION FAMILY CARABIDAE LATREILLE, 1802 SUBFAMILY TRECHINAE BONELLI, 1810 TRIBE TRECHINI BONELLI, 1810 GENUS DUVALIUS DELAROUZÉE, 1859 SUBGENUS PARADUVALIUS KNIRSCH, 1924 DUVALIUS (PARADUVALIUS) BOGOVINAE S. ĆURČIĆ, VRBICA, ANTIĆ & B. ĆURČIĆ, SP.N. (Figs. 1-5)Etymology -After the village of Bogovina, where the type locality of the new species described is located -Bogovinska Pećina Cave.