DETERMINATION OF PORK ADULTERATION IN MEATBALLS USING ENZYME LINKED IMMUNO SORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) TECHNIQUES CASE STUDY: SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES MEATBALLS TRADERS AT JATINANGOR EDUCATION AREA, SUMEDANG DISTRICT, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA

Adulteration of meatballs using pork begins to bloom in a row with the increase of beef price in the market. There is a risk that can occur around the education area of Jatinangor. Therefore the identification of meatballs adulteration with enzymes linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) approach need to be done in order to create certainty and security guarantee of the consumed products. Results showed that Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Jatinangor who process meat (meatballs) was 21 meatball traders around Jatinangor. ELISA tests on 21 meatball samples taken from the SMEs merchant in Jatinangor showed no pork-adulterated meatballs on all of the samples tested.


Introduction
Jatinangor is one of education area in West Java that dominated by four large universities such as Universitas Padjadjaran, Institute Technology Bandung, Ikopin and IPDN.These conditions give rise to new demands for the fulfillment of food and snacks that are cheap and nutritious.One of the food that popular among college students is meatballs.Meatballs become favuorite because of sufficient nutritional value, taste and ease of preparation.However, the high price of meat and uncontrolled supply recently allegedly made it more difficult for producers to produce high quality meatballs with the appropriate raw materials.
To overcome the raw material problem, producers could substitute beef as main ingredient with other types of meat.However some producers who want to

Materials and Methods
The SMEs meatballs traders in Jatinangor Education Area (JEA) were identificated by survey method.Samples were taken from the SMEs meatball merchant at Educational Area Jatinangor, Sumedang District, West Java-Indonesia.Meatballs samples are prepared for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay test using Tepnel BioKits Pork Cooked Identification Test Kit Cat.No. 902012N (Roostita, et al., 2009).

Results and Discussions
Survey of SMEs meatballs traders in JEA showed there were 21 meatballs traders around JEA that frequently accessed by students.Only 13 (62%) of traders that produce their own meatballs, while 4 (19%) of traders purchased the meatballs from the traditional market and 4 (19%) others did not gave appropriate information.Traders who produce their own meatballs were settled traders.It is because the traders want to maintain consumer safety and confidence in the quality of products.Meanwhile trader who purchased meatballs from the market or do not provide information are traders who used carts that are not settled.The ease in preparation becomes one of the considerations, in addition, the mobility of traders allow alternation buyers so the traders did not worries about losing customers.It is affect to the lack of attention to the quality of the meatballs sold.Twenty-one samples were taken from the SMEs meatballs merchant to identify pork adulteration on sold meatballs and tested using ELISA.The ELISA kit was utilizing a biotin-avidin enhancement process.With increased concentrations of pork-specific protein in the extract, more of the protein will bind to antibody attached to the well.After allowing the reaction to proceed, unbound material is removed by washing.The amount of specific protein bound to the antibody coated well is determined by reaction firstly with biotinylated and also with a streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate.After incubation, access reagent is removed by washing.Finally, bound peroxidase activity is determined by adding a fixed amount of Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate which develops a blue color (changing color to yellowish green on addition of acid stop reagent) in the presence if peroxidase.Color development is proportional to the original amount of specific pork protein in the samples extract (Roostita, et al., 2009).
The test on 21 samples taken from meatballs merchants in JEA showed no pork adulteration.This is because the meatball traders realize the importance of raw materials quality that related to halal meatballs.Merchants already have the knowledge of halal meatballs so that the traders do not worry about the meatballs sales.Halal is a sensitive issue because most of the residents of JEA were Muslim.If the trader commit an adulteration by mixing pork into the meatballs, although at certain times provide very high gain however this may threaten the business sustainability.

Conclusions
There were 21 meatballs traders around JEA that frequently accessed by students.Thirteen (62%) of traders produce their own meatballs, 4 (19%) of traders purchased the meatballs from the traditional market and 4 (19%) others did not gave appropriate information.The ELISA test on 21 samples taken from meatballs merchants in JEA showed no pork adulteration.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Survey of JEA SMEs Source of Meatball